Detection and Monitoring of Damage Status and Infestation by Spodoptera frugiperda in Maize Crops in Luxor Region, Egypt
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25077/aijent.2.2.68-79.2024Keywords:
Fall Armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda, Maize, Plant age, Damage intensity, infestationAbstract
The fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) is a serious crop pest that destroys maize plants in Egypt and the world, leading to reduced quality and quantity of the maize crop. We conducted this study to monitor and determine the damage status and infestation frequency of S. frugiperda on maize plants in Luxor Governorate, southern Egypt. The sampling date was set with the first observable occurrence of fall armyworm at the study site. Forty randomly selected corn plants (ten plants from each replicate) were evaluated and estimated weekly until harvest. The total number of plants used for sampling was 960 plants during the two seasons. The invasion and damage of maize plants by S. frugiperda started at the age of 16 days after sowing until the time of harvest, i.e. S. frugiperda larvae were detected on maize plants during the period from the third week of June until the maize harvest. In terms of number of larvae, number of plants infested with larvae, percentage of infestation, and percentage of damage intensity, three peaks were recorded in each season, occurring at 30, 58 and 86 days after sowing in 2021 and 2022, respectively. Our study shows that the number of damaged plants was higher than the number of infected plants throughout the season. Thus, the percentage of plants damaged by S. frugiperda increased as the timing of corn plant inspections increased during the two seasons. The results indicate that monitoring plant inspections at key times during the growing season can provide crucial data to help farmers implement timely control measures.
Downloads
References
Anandhi, S., Saminathan, V.R., Yasodha, P., Roseleen, S.S.J., Sharavanan, P.T. and Rajanbabu, V. 2020. Correlation of Fall Armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) with weather Parameters in maize Ecosystem. Int. J. Curr. Microbiol. App. Sci., 9(8): 1213-1218.
Anjorin, F. Bosede., O.O. Odeyemi, O.A. Akinbode and K.T. Kareem. (2022). Fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) infestation: maize yield depression and physiological basis of tolerance. J. of Plant Protection Research, 62 (1): 12–21.
Bakry, M.M.S. and Abdel-Baky, N.F. (2023) a. Population density of the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and its response to some ecological phenomena in maize crops. Brazilian Journal of Biology, vol. 83, e271354 https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.271354
Bakry, M.M.S. and Abdel-Baky, N.F. (2023) b. Impact of the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) infestation on maize growth characteristics and yield loss. Brazilian Journal of Biology, 2023, vol. 83, e271354 https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.274602.
Bakry, M.M.S., Dahi, H.F., and Gamil, W.E. (2023). Prediction of the annual generations of the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) at maize crop using accumulated heat units in south Egypt. Egypt. Acad. J. Biolog. Sci., 16(2):143-154.
Bakry, M.M.S., and M.A. Gad, (2023). Insecticidal efficiency of some pesticides against Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Noctuidae: Lepidoptera) under laboratory conditions. Andalasian International Journal of Entomology, 1(01): 15-19 pp.
Bakry, M.M.S. and M.A. Gad. (2024). Monitoring of fall armyworm infestation status and current attack on maize plants in southern Egypt. SVU-International Journal of Agricultural Sciences 6(2):210-221. DOI: 10.21608/svuijas.2024.284747.1362.
Bangale, S.A. (2019). Fall Armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda): A Serious Problem for Maize Cultivation in India. Biomolecule Reports- An International eNewsletter, BR/10/19/28.
Caniço, A., A. Mexia and L. Santos, (2020). Seasonal dynamics of the alien invasive insect pest Spodoptera frugiperda Smith (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Manica Province, Central Mozambique. Insects 11, 512; doi: 10.3390/insects11080512
El-Gaby, M.S.A., G.A.M. El-Hag Ali, M.A.M. Abdel Reheim, A. Abdou, M.M.S. Bakry, A.M. Drar, and M. A. Gad, (2024). Insecticidal evaluation, molecular docking, and structure-activity relationship study of some synthesized thiazole-owing hydrazone derivatives against Spodoptera frugiperda under laboratory conditions. Russian Journal of Bioorganic Chemistry, 50(3): 1–12.
FAO (Food and agricultural organizations of the United Nations): FAO Advisory Note on Fall Armyworm (FAW) in Africa. (2017). Key messages in: FAO Advisory Note on Fall Armyworm (FAW) in Africa. Rome, Italy, 1-30.
Fernández, J.L., (2002). Estimación de umbrales económicos para Spodoptera frugiperda (JE Smith) (Lep.: Noctuidae) en el cultivo del maíz. Investigaciones Agrarias: Producción y Protección Vegetales, 17: 467-474.
Figueiredo, M.L.C., Penteado-Dias, A.M. and Cruz, I. (2005). Danos provocados por Spodoptera frugiperda na produçao de matéria seca e nos rendimentos de grمos, na cultura do milho. Sete Lagoas: Embrapa/CNPMS, 6 p. (Comunicado Técnico, 130).
Fisher, R.A. (1950). Statistical methods for research workers. Oliver and Boyd Ltd., Edinburgh, London. 12th ed., 518 pp.
Goergen, G., P.L. Kumar, S.B. Sankung, A. Togola, and M. Tamo. (2016). First report of outbreaks of the fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (JE Smith) (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae), a new alien invasive pest in west and central Africa. PLoS One 11: e0165632.
Gross Jr., H.R., Young, J.R. and Wiseman, B.R. (1982). Relative susceptibility of a summer planted dent and tropical flint corn variety to whorl stage damage by the fall armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). J. Econ. Entomol. 75: 1153-1156.
Kumela, T., Simiyu, J., Sisay, B., Likhayo, P., Mendesil, E., Gohole, L. and Tefera, T. (2018). Farmers’ knowledge, perceptions, and management practices of the new invasive pest, fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) in Ethiopia and Kenya. Int. J. Pest Manag. 65: 1-9.
Maruthadurai, R. and Ramesh, R. (2020). Occurrence, damage pattern and biology of fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda(J.E. smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on fodder crops and green amaranth in Goa,India. Phytoparasitica, 48: 15-23.
Meagher, R.L., Nagoshi, R.N., Stuhl, C. and Mitchell, E.R. (2004). Larval development of fall armyworm (lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on different cover crop plants. Fla. Èntomol. 87: 454- 460.
Montezano, D.G., Specht, A., Sosa-Gomez, D.R., Roque-Specht, V.F., Sousa-Silva, J.C., Paula-Moraes, S.V., Peterson, J.A. and Hunt, T.E. (2018). Host plants of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in the Americas. African Entomology 26: 286–300.
Murúa, M.G., Juárez, M.L., Prieto, S., Gastaminza, G. and Willink, E. (2009). Distribución temporal y espacial de poblaciones larvarias de Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith) (Lepidóptera: Noctuidae) en diferentes hospederos en provincias del norte de la Argentina. Revista Industrialy Agrícola de Tucumán 86(1): 25-36.
Murua, G.., Molina-Ochoa, J. and Coviella, C. (2006). Population dynamics of the fall armyworm, and its parasitoids in northwestern Argentina. Fla Entomol., 89(2), 175-182. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1653/0015-4040(2006)89[175:PDOTFA]2.0.CO;2
Prasanna; B.M., Huesing, J.E., Eddy, R.R. and Peschke, VM. (2018). Fall Armyworm in Africa: A Guide for Integrated Pest Management. Edn 1, CDMX: CIMMYT, Mexico, 1-107.
Rios, E.S., Martins, I.C.F., de Noronha, M.P., da Silva, J.A., da Silva Filho, J.G. and Badji, C.A. (2014). Spatial distribution of Spodoptera frugiperda in the wasteland of southern Pernambuco state, Brazil Rev. Cienc. Agrar., 57(3): 297-304.
Rwomushana, I., Bateman, M., Beale, T., Beseh, P., Cameron, K., Chiluba, M., Clottey, V., Davis, T., Day, R., Early, R., Godwin, J., Gonzalez-Moreno, P., Kansiime, M., Kenis, M., Makale, F., Mugambi, I., Murphy, S., Nunda, W., Phiri, N., Pratt, C. and Tambo, J. (2018). Fall armyworm : impacts and implications for Africa. Evidence Note Update, October 2018. Oxfordshire, UK. 51 pp.
Sholahuddin, S., Wijayanti, R., Supriyadi, S., Sulistya, A., Subagiya, S., and Haq, A. (2023). Population and damage intensity of the yellow rice stem borer and its natural enemies in the jajar legowo rice planting system. IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci. 1180 (012013).
Sisay, B.; Tefera, T., Wakgari, M., Ayalew, G. and Mendesil, E. (2019). The Efficacy of Selected Synthetic Insecticides and Botanicals against Fall Armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda, in Maize. Insects 10(2): 45. DOI:10.3390/insects10020045.
Supartha, I. W., Susila, I.W., Srisunari, A.A.A., Mahaputra, I. G. F., Yudha, I. K.W., Wiradana, P. A. (2021). Damage characteristics and distribution patterns of invasive pest, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on maize crop in Bali, Indonesia. Biodiversitas, 22(6): 3378-3389.
Vinay, N.; Raju, S.V.S., Srinivasa, N. and Sharma, K.R. (2022). Incidence of fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on finger millet and sorghum in Karnataka, India. Journal of Entomological Research - Malhotra Publishing House. 46(3): 636-641.
Xiao-xu, Sun., Chao-xing, HU., Hui-ru, JIA., Qiu-lin, WU., Xiu-jing, S., Sheng-yuan, Z., Yu-ying, J. and Kong-ming, WU. (2021). Case study on the first immigration of fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda invading into China. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 20(3): 664-67.
Yasa IWS, Supartha IW, Susila IW. (2020). Population abundance and parasitization level of indigenous parasitoids to the invasive pest, Liriomyza trifolii (Burgess)(Diptera: Agromyzidae) in Bali. Agrotrop J. Agric. Sci. 10:59. DOI:10.24843/AJoAS.2020.v10.i01.p07.
Yigezu, G. and Wakgari, M. (2020). Local and indigenous knowledge of farmers management practice against fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae): A review. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies; 8(1): 765-770.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Moustafa Mohamed Sabry Bakry, Thuraya A.A. M. Al-Saadi, Dalal M. Aljedani, N. F. Abdel-Baky, Lamiaa H.Y. Mohamed
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
